When No Voltage (0V or Ground) is applied at the base terminal of the transistor, then the transistor is turned off and acts as an open switch, so the current can’t flow from the source (+5v) to the ground through the load (LED). When the V IN is zero the transistor works in the cut-off region and acts as an open circuit.įor example, when sufficient positive voltage (+V) is applied at the base terminal of the transistor, then the transistor is turned on and acts as a closed switch, so the current flows from the source (+5v) to the ground through the load (LED). The V CE is almost equal to zero when a sufficient voltage i.e., V IN > o.7 is applied between base and emitter. When a voltage difference is applied to the base, a current flow across the collector-emitter (I CE), and the switch is turned off when there is no base voltage. Transistors are most commonly used as a switch in the electronic world. The 2N2222A transistors have a large use in the world of switches and amplifiers – the two main uses of any transistor existing in the electronics arena.įirstly, we will talk about, 2N2222A Transistor as a Switch At Cut-off Region the V BE remains be around 660 mV.
When the base current is removed the transistor gets fully off, and this stage is called as the Cut-off Region. This particular stage is called Saturation Region at this time the voltage allowed across the collector-emitter (V CE) and base-emitter (V BE) could be 200 and 900 mV respectively. After it gets fully biased then it can allow a maximum of the max value of current flows across the collector and emitter. The 2N2222A transistor offers a constant DC collector current of 800 mA, so, loads that consume more than 800 mA current cannot be connected using this transistor.įor biasing current is supplied to the base pin (I B) which should be under 5 mA. 2N2222A has a gain value of 110 to 800 which determines its amplification value. The collector and emitter are left open when the base pin is held at the ground and are closed when a signal is provided to the base pin. This pin allows the current to come out of the transistor.Īs mentioned earlier, in the 2N2222A transistor, the dopped layer is embedded between two n-dopped layers. This pin controls the biasing of the transistor. This pin allows the current to enter the transistor form here. 2N2222A Transistor Pin Configuration, Pin diagram, Pinout Pin No.
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